Maske a sefahleho nakong ea seoa sa "coronavirus" sa 2019-20

E tswa ho Wikipedia

Ho roala ha maske a sefahleho nakong ea seoa sa "coronavirus" sa 2019 - 20 se fumaneng likhothaletso tse fapaneng ho tsoa ho li-agency tsa mmuso tse fapaneng le mebuso. Sehlooho e bile taba ea ngangisano, ha mekhatlo ea bophelo bo botle ea sechaba le mebuso e sa lumellane ka protocol ea bohle bakeng sa ho roala limaske sefahleho.

Rationale[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Mabaka a mang a boletsoeng ke liofisiri tsa bophelo bo botle tsa China bakeng sa ho roala limaske esita le ke batho ba phetseng hantle ke a latelang:[1]

  1. Phetisetso ea asymptomatic (tšoaetso e tsoang ho ba sa bonts'a matšoao). Batho ba bangata ba ka ts'oaetsoa ntle le matšoao kapa feela ka matšoao a bobebe.
  2. Ho se khonehe ha sebaka se loketseng sechabeng libakeng tsohle tsa sechaba ka linako tsohle.
  3. Mismatch e se nang melemo (disincentive). Haeba feela batho ba nang le tšoaetso ba roala maske, ba ka ba le tšusumetso e mpe ea ho etsa joalo. Motho ea tšoaelitsoeng a ka se fumane letho le molemo, empa a jare litšenyehelo tse joalo ka tsietsi, ho reka litšenyehelo esita le khethollo.

Setsebi sa likokoana-hloko Univesithing ea Leeds e bitsoang Stephen Griffin o re "Ho roala maske ho ka fokotsa monyetla [oa] oa ho ama batho lifahleho tsa bona, e leng mohloli o moholo oa ts'oaetso ntle le bohloeki bo nepahetseng ba matsoho."[2]

Mefuta ea limaske[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Maske ea sefahleho ke maske a entsoeng ka masela a tloaelehileng a apereng molomo le nko, hangata a entsoe ka k'hothone. Ho fapana le limaske le lingaka tse buoang, ha li tlas'a taolo. Hajoale ha ho na lipatlisiso kapa tataiso e nyane mabapi le katleho ea bona e le mokhoa oa ho itšireletsa khahlanong le tšoaetso ea mafu a tšoaetsanoang kapa chefo ea moea.

Maske ea ho buoa ke sesebelisoa se sa sebetseng, se lahlang 'mele se ka baka tšitiso lipakeng tsa molomo le nko ea ea e lutlang le lisosa tse ka bang tikolohong e haufi. Maske ea ho buoa e sebelisetsoa ho thusa ho thibela marotholi a maholo a likaroloana, likhaba, makhapetla, kapa splatter e ka 'nang ea e-ba le vaerase le libaktheria haeba e apere hantle, e thibela lintho tsena ho fihlela molomong oa nko le nko. Li-mask tsa ho buoa li ka boela tsa thusa ho fokotsa ho pepesetsoa ha motho ea e apereng le sephiri sa ho hema ho ba bang.[3] Maske ea ho buoa ha e etselitsoe ho sefa kapa ho thibela likaroloana tse nyane haholo moeeng tse ka fetisoang ke likhohlela, ho thimola kapa mekhoa e meng ea bongaka. Li-mask tsa opereishene ha li fane ka tšireletso e felletseng ho livaerase le lintho tse ling tse litšila ka lebaka la ho lekana kahare ho sefahleho sa sefahleho sa sefahleho le sefahleho. Li-mask tsa opereishene li entsoe ka lesela le sa tlangoang le entsoe ka mokhoa o fehlang moea o qhibilihang.[4] [5]

Maske a N95 ke sephefumolohi se sefahleho se sefahleho se kopanang le tekanyetso ea sefofane sa moea sa N95 sa US National Institute bakeng sa polokeho le bophelo bo botle. E fafatsa bonyane karolo ea 95 lekholong ea likaroloana tse tsoang moeeng. Ke mohlala oa mochine o phefumolohang o tsoang mochineng o fanang ka tšireletso khahlanong le lintho tse ngata, empa eseng likhase kapa mouoane.[6] Joalo ka maske ea ho buuoa, maske a N95 a entsoe ka lesela le sa qhekelloang le tsoang polypropylene e sa qhibilihang.[7] [8] Mask ea sefahleho e lumellanang e sebelisitsoeng ho European Union ke phefumoloho ea FFP2. [9] [10]

Litlhahiso tsa Mekhatlo ea Bophelo[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Health organizations have recommended that people cover their mouth and nose with a bent elbow or a tissue when coughing or sneezing, and dispose of any tissue immediately.[11] [12]

Ho buelloa limaske tsa opereishene bakeng sa ba kanna ba tšoaetsoa, ​​[13] [14] [15] joalo ka ho roala maske ho ka theola molumo le sebaka sa ho fofa ha marotholi a kantle a tsoang ha a bua, ho thothomela le ho khohlela. [16]

Keletso ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Keletso ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo ho sechaba mabapi le COVID-19 e khothalelitse tšebeliso ea limaske tlasa maemo a latelang feela:[17]

  • Haeba o phetse hantle, o hloka feela ho roala maske haeba o hlokomela motho ea nang le tšoaetso ea 2019-nCoV.
  • Roala maske haeba u khohlela kapa u thimola.
  • Li-mask li sebetsa hantle feela ha li sebelisoa hammoho le ho hloekisa matsoho khafetsa ka sanitizer kapa sesepa le metsi.
  • Haeba u roala mask, joale u tlameha ho tseba ho e sebelisa le ho e lahla ka nepo.

Ts'ebeliso ea Mask le maano a linaha le libaka tsa Afrika[fetola | fetola mohloli]

  • Benin: Ho tloha ka la 8 Mmesa, ba boholong Benin ba ile ba qala ho qobella ho tlameha ho roala maske a sefahleho ho emisa coronavirus.[18]
  • Cameroon: Meya oa Cameroon City o phatlalalitsoeng hore o roala maske o tla tlameha ho liehisa ho hasana ha coronavirus. [19]
  • Democratic Republic of Congo: Ho roala limaske hona joale ho tlamehile ho pholletsa le motse-moholo.[20]
  • Etiopia: Lekhotla la Matona le amohetse molao o reng o hlakola ho tšoarana ka matsoho le ho tlama ts'ebeliso ea maske a sefahleho libakeng tsa sechaba.[21]
  • Guinea: Mopresidente oa Guinea, Alpha Conde o nkile qeto ea ho etsa borashe ka qobello.[22]
  • Kenya: Ho roala sefahleho hoa qobella. Mmuso o na le Wakenya ho shebisisa ho pharalla ha sechaba ho netefalitsoeng e le e 'ngoe ea litsela tse sebetsang haholo tsa ho thibela likotsi tsa ts'oaetso.[23]
  • Liberia: Ho tloha ka la 21 Mmesa, joale o qobellehile ho roala lesela la sefahleho kapa sekoaelo se setjhaba.[24]
  • Moroko: Ho roala maske sefahleho hoa qobelloa.[25]

References[fetola | fetola mohloli]

  1. "Why healthy Chinese wearing face masks outdoors?". NHC.gov.cn. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 23 March 2020. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020.
  2. "How to avoid touching your face so much". BBC News. 18 March 2020.
  3. "N95 Respirators and Surgical Masks (Face Masks)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. "Not Enough Face Masks Are Made In America To Deal With Coronavirus". NPR.org. 5 March 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  5. "Chinese mask makers use loopholes to speed up regulatory approval". Financial Times. 1 April 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  6. "Respirator Trusted-Source: Selection FAQs". U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  7. [[ |Zie, John]] (19 March 2020). "World Depends on China for Face Masks But Can Country Deliver?". Voice of America.
  8. Feng, Emily (16 March 2020). "COVID-19 Has Caused A Shortage Of Face Masks. But They're Surprisingly Hard To Make". NPR.
  9. "Comparison of FFP2, KN95, and N95 and Other Filtering Facepiece Respirator Classes" (PDF). 3M Technical Data Bulletin. 1 January 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  10. "Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Respirators: Crisis/Alternate Strategies". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 17 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  11. "Advice for public". World Health Organization. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  12. Home. "Novel Coronavirus". HPSC.ie. Health Protection Surveillance Centre of Ireland. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  13. "Severe Respiratory Disease associated with a Novel Infectious Agent". Government of Hong Kong. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  14. "Updates on Wuhan Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Local Situation". MoH.gov.sg. Ministry of Health of Singapore. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  15. "Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in health care settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak". World Health Organization. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
  16. "2019-nCoV: What the Public Should Do". US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 4 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  17. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: When and how to use masks". World Health Organization. World Health Organization. 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  18. Benin Police Enforce Mask Wearing In Bid To Stop Virus,Barron's, 8 April 2020.
  19. Cameroon City Makes Wearing Mask Mandatory in Fight Against Coronavirus,VOA News, 7 April 2020.
  20. Tasamba, James (19 April 2020). "Rwanda, DR Congo make mask wearing mandatory".
  21. Samuel, Gelila (12 April 2020). "Ethiopia Outlaws Handshakes, Obliges Masks in Public Places".
  22. Masilela, Brenda (14 April 2020). "Guinean president makes masks compulsory in bid to curb the spread of coronavirus".,IOL
  23. Muraya, Joseph (5 April 2020). "Kenya: Masks Now Mandatory in Public Places, Kenya Declares".,All Africa
  24. Senkpeni, Alpha Daffae (21 April 2020). "Will You Wear Mask? Liberia's Lawmakers Want Compulsory Wearing of 'Protective Device' In Public".,Front Page Africa
  25. Eljechtimi, Ahmed (6 April 2020). "Morocco makes face masks compulsory due to coronavirus". Reuters. Retrieved 11 April 2020.