Boloetse

E tswa ho Wikipedia

Ka bongaka, tlhahlobo ea bongaka ke mokhoa oa ho khetholla hore na ke lefu lefe kapa boemo bofe bo hlalosang matšoao le matšoao a motho. Hangata ho buuoa ka ho tsebahatsa boemo ba bongaka ho hlahisoa. Tlhahisoleseling e hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'oaetso e fumaneha hangata ho tsoa nalaneng le tlhahlobo ea 'mele ea motho ea batlang tlhokomelo ea bongaka. Khafetsa, mekhoa e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tsa tlhahlobo le tsona li etsoa nakong ea ts'ebetso, joalo ka liteko tsa bongaka. Ka linako tse ling ho hlahlojoa lefu le sa tsoa hlaha ho nkoa e le mofuta oa tlhahlobo ea bongaka. Ho hlahloba tšoaetso hangata ho phephetsa, hobane matšoao le matšoao a mangata ha a hlalose. Mohlala ke bofubelu ba letlalo, e ka bang lets'oao la mathata a mangata a fapaneng mme ka hona ha a bolelle setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle hore na ho fosahetse eng.

E hlahlobisisa micrograph ea Lefuba la Mycobacterium, a bacterium se bakang lefuba

Tsamaiso[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Likarolo tse akaretsang tse teng ka har'a ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo ho mekhoa e mengata e fumanehang e kenyeletsa:

  • Ho bokella tlhaiso-leseling e eketsehileng ho bakuli, e kanna ea kenyelletsa lipotso tsa nalane ea bongaka (mohlomong ho tsoa ho batho ba bang ba haufi le mokuli), tlhahlobo ea 'mele le liteko tse fapaneng tsa tlhahlobo ea mafu. Teko ea ho bona hore na o na le lefu lefe. Liteko tsa tlhahlobo ea tšoaetso le tsona li ka sebelisoa ho fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e mabapi le batho ba nang le lefu le ipitsitseng.
  • Ho sebetsana le likarabo, liphumano kapa liphetho tse ling. Ho ka batloa lipuisano le bafani ba bang le litsebi tse ling lebaleng.

Ho na le mekhoa kapa mekhoa e mengata e ka sebelisoang ts'ebetsong ea ho hlahloba, ho kenyelletsa ho etsa tlhahlobo e khethollang kapa ho latela li-algorithms tsa bongaka.[1] Ha e le hantle, ts'ebetso ea ho hlahloba e ka kenyelletsa likarolo tsa mekhoa e mengata.[2]

Lefu la Covid-19[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Pontšo ea swab bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea COVID-19.

Ts'oaetso ke coronavirus COVID-19 e ka fumanoa ka mokhoa o sa reroang ho latela matšoao, leha ho le joalo netefatso e fetoloa ke "transcript polymerase chain reaction" (RRT-PCR) ea li-secretions tse nang le tšoaetso kapa monahano oa CT. Phuputso e bapisoang PCR le CT ho Wuhan e bonts'a CT e tebile haholo ho feta PCR, leha e le e sa tobang haholo, e nang le likarolo tsa eona tse ngata tsa ho nahana ka nako e telele le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa lefu la pneumonias le lefu. Ho tloha ka la 20 Hlakubele, Setsi sa Amerika sa Radiology se khothaletsa hore "CT ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho hlahlobela kapa ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mohato oa pele ho tseba COVID-19".

Teko ea vaerase[fetola | fetola mohloli]

WHO e phatlalalitse li-protocol tse 'maloa tsa tlhahlobo ea RNA bakeng sa coronavirus COVID-19, ea pele e fanoeng ka la 17 Pherekhong. [3] Teko e sebelisa 'nete ea nako ea morao-rao ea transaction polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).[4] Tlhahlobo e ka etsoa ka lisampole tsa phefumoloho kapa tsa mali.[5] Liphetho li fumaneha hangata ka nako ea lihora tse 'maloa ho isa matsatsing. Ka kakaretso teko ena e etsoa ho swab ea nasopharyngeal le hoja swab ea 'metso e ka boela ea sebelisoa.[6]

Litho tse 'maloa tsa basebetsi le lik'hamphani li ntse li etsa liteko tsa serological, tse fumanang li-antibodies. Ho tloha ka la 6 Mmesa 2020, ha ho le e 'ngoe ea tsena e netefalitsoeng e lekane hore e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa tšebeliso e pharalletseng. Ka U.S. teko ea serological e entsoeng ke Cellex e amohetse ts'ebeliso ea tšohanyetso ke li laboratori tse netefalitsoeng feela.

Ho etsa joalo[fetola | fetola mohloli]

Tlhahlobo ea CT ea sefuba sa motho ea nang le COVID-19. E bontša mats'oafo a bobebe matšoafong.

Litšobotsi tsa ho nahana ka sebopeho ho li-radiographs le computer tomography (CT) ea batho ba nang le matšoao li kenyelletsa likarolo tsa "asymmetric peripheral floor galase opacities" le "explication". Mokhatlo oa Italy oa Radiological o ntse o bokella lethathamo la machaba la lipapatso tsa lipapatso bakeng sa linyeoe tse netefalitsoeng. Ka lebaka la ho fetellana le ts'oaetso tse ling tse kang adenovirus, ho nahana ntle le tiiso ke PCR ho bohlokoa haholo ho tsebahatseng COVID-19. Phuputso e kholo Chaena e ile ea bapisa sefuba sa CT ka lebaka la PCR mme ea bonts'a hore le ha ho nahana ho sa lekane bakeng sa ts'oaetso, ho potlakile ebile ho tebile, ho fana ka maikutlo a ho e nka e le sesebelisoa sa ho bala libakeng tsa lefu la seoa. Marang-rang a maiketsetso a bohlale bo thehiloeng ho bohlale bo entsoeng ka tumellano a ntlafalitsoe ho fumana likarolo tsa ho nahana tsa vaerase ka li-radiographs ka bobeli le CT.[7]

Litšupiso[fetola | fetola mohloli]

  1. Langlois, John P. Making a diagnosis. p. 198. ISBN 0-306-46692-9. 
  2. Langlois, John P. Making a diagnosis. p. 204. ISBN 0-306-46692-9. 
  3. Organization, World Health (2020). Laboratory testing of 2019 novel coronavirus (‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎2019-nCoV)‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎ in suspected human cases: interim guidance, 17 January 2020 (in English). World Health Organization. ISBN 978-92-4-000097-1. 
  4. CDC (2020-06-05). "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the U.S.". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in en-us). Retrieved 2020-06-06. 
  5. Brueck, Hilary. "There's only one way to know if you have the coronavirus, and it involves machines full of spit and mucus". Business Insider. Retrieved 2020-06-06. 
  6. CDC (2020-02-11). "Information for Laboratories about Coronavirus (COVID-19)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in en-us). Retrieved 2020-06-06. 
  7. Li, Lin; Qin, Lixin; Xu, Zeguo; Yin, Youbing; Wang, Xin; Kong, Bin; Bai, Junjie; Lu, Yi; Fang, Zhenghan; Song, Qi; Cao, Kunlin (2020-03-19). "Artificial Intelligence Distinguishes COVID-19 from Community Acquired Pneumonia on Chest CT". Radiology: 200905. ISSN 0033-8419. PMC PMC7233473 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 32191588 Check |pmid= value (help). doi:10.1148/radiol.2020200905.