Kwaito
Kwaito
Di Tshusumetso Tsa Kwaito
[fetola | fetola mohloli]- Hip house
- Mmino ya Afrika Borwa
- Hip hop
- Dancehall
Tshimoloho ya setso
- Di 1980s Afrika Borwa
Kwaito ke mofuta wa mmino o hlahileng Soweto, Johannesburg, Afrika Boroa, dilemong tsa bo-1990. Ke mofuta wa mmino wa 'house' o nang le tshebediso ya melumo ya Afrika le disampole. Ka tloaelo lebelo la Kwaito le tsamaya butle ho feta mefuta e meng ea mmino wa house. Kwaito hangata e na le meloli e monate le meropa e pheta-phetwang, mela e tebileng ya base le mantsoe. Ho sa tsotellehe ho tshwana ha eona le mmino wa hip hop, Kwaito e fapane hobane ho nale litsela tse fapaneng tseo mantsoe a tsona a binwang, a rapilweng le a hweletsang ka tsona.
Tshimoloho ya Lentswe Lena
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Lentsoe lena kwaito ke lereo la Tsotsitaal le tswang makeisheneng a Gauteng mme le akaretsa mekgwa e fapaneng ho tloha ho guz, d'gong, le ‘isgubhu’. [1] Lentsoe lena le tswa ko lentsweng la Seburu le reng kwaai. Lentswe 'kwaai' le bolela 'ho tjhesa' ka Seburu. Le hoja Seburu e amahanngwa le puso ya Apartheid le kgatello ya morabe. ho bohlokwa ho tseba hore mantswe a Seburu a ne a kopantswe le Tsotsitaal.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore puo ya Seburu e amahanngwa le puso ya kgethollo le khatello ea morabe, mantswe a Seburu a atisa ho hulelwa tlotlontsweng ya Isicamtho, a boptjwe le ho sebediswa maemong a amanang kapa a matjha. M’du Masilela, sebini sa pele sa Kwaito, o itse, “Ha mmino wa house o tumme, batho ba ghetto ba ile ba o bitsa Kwaito ka lentswe la Seafrikanse la kwai [sic], le bolelang hore dipina tseo tsa house di ne di tjhesa, hore di ya raha. Lentswe le leng la Isicamtho le nkilweng lentsweng la Seafrikanse la kwaai ke amakwaitosi, e bolelang setlokotsebe. Sebini le mohlahisi ya tummeng wa Kwaito Arthur Mafokate o hlalosa kamano pakeng tsa Kwaito le botlokotsebe e le mmino o pota-potileng bophelo ba ghetto.
Popo le tswalo ya Kwaito
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Ka morao ho Afrika Borwa e fetohileng, Kwaito e ile ya iponahatsa motseng wa Soweto ka nako e tšoanang Nelson Mandela a ba mopresidente oa pele oa Afrika Borwa ya kgethilweng ka demokrasi.[6] Ho tloswa ha likotlo tsa dipolotiki le moruo ho ile ha fetola indasteri ya mmino ya Afrika Borwa haholo.[7]
E nngwe ya dipina tsa pele tsa Kwaito tse ileng tsa tuma Afrika Borwa ke pina " Kaffir " ya Arthur Mafokate, e neng e bontsha tokoloho ya ho hlahisa maikutlo e bakwang ke tokoloho ya dipolotiki Afrika Borwa. Mmino wa House o fihlile Cape Town mathwasong a dilemo tsa bo-1990 meketeng e kang mokete oa khotso oa lefats'e le sebakeng sa pele sa "Club Eden", mme hamorao Euphoria le DV8. Sena se ile sa namela leboya, moo, bohareng ba dilemo tsa bo-1990, mofuta ona o neng o ntse o tuma dihlopheng tsa Johannesburg tse kang 4th World, mme baetsi ba dibini moo di ile tsa kopanya medumo ya oona le ya Afrika Borwa . Arthur Mafokate , Oskido , Boom Shaka , le Mdu Masilela ba binne kwaito pele le ho e tuma ka hare le kantle ho makeisheneng a Batsho. Leha ho le jwalo, e bile feela ka mor'a 2001 moo diibini tsa kwaito le mmino di ileng tsa fumana tsela ea ho ya Europe le United States.
Tokoloho e ntjha e file dibini tsa Afrika Borwa phihlello e bonolo ea mesebetsi ea matjhaba le bokhoni bo boholo ba ho itlhalosa ka bolokolohi. Ka lebaka leo, kwaito e boetse e tsejwa e le polelo ya tokoloho ena e ntjha, mme lipina tse ngata tse khahlanong le khethollo li se li sebelisoa e le mantsoe a lipina tsa kwaito. [2] Kwaito e nnile ya bitswa mmino o hlalosang moloko o tsoileng matsoho ka mora kgethollo. Pina ya eona ya ho tantsha e tswa mekgweng e kang mbaqanga le dancehall, hammoho le house le disco.
Dikolo tse makeisheneng di ile tsa sitwa ho tshehetsa ka ditjhelete mananeo a kang ditlelase tsa mmino ho matlafatsa boiphihlelo ba ho ithuta ba baithuti ba bona. Kaha kwaito e ne e sa hloke tsebo e hlophisitsweng ya thuto ya mmino, libaka tse kgolo tsa ho itlhakisa, le diletsa tse turang, e ne e fumaneha habonolo ho batho ba metseng ena e hateletsweng. [3]
Litšupiso
[fetola | fetola mohloli]- ↑ Impey, Angela. "Resurrecting the Flesh: Reflections on Women in Kwaito." Agenda 49 (2001): pp. 44–50.
- ↑ Mhlambi, Thokozani. "'Kwaitofabulous': The study of a South African urban genre." Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa, vol 1 (2004): pp. 116–27.
- ↑ Magubane, Zine. "Globalization and Gangster Rap: Hip-Hop in the Post-Apartheid City." In The Vinyl Ain’t Final: Hip Hop and the Globalization of Black Popular Culture, ed. by Dipannita Basu and Sidney J. Lemelle, pp. 208–29. London; Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Press.