Kwaito
Kwaito
Li Tshusumetso Tsa Kwaito
- Hip house
- Mmino ea Afrika Boroa
- Hip hop
- Dancehall
Tshimoloho ea setso
- Li 1980s ko Afrika Boroa
Kwaito ke mofuta oa 'mino o hlahileng Soweto, Johannesburg, Afrika Boroa, lilemong tsa bo-1990. Ke mofuta oa 'mino oa 'house' o nang le tšebeliso ea melumo ea Afrika le lisampole. Ka tloaelo lebelo la Kwaito le tsamaea butle ho feta mefuta e meng ea 'mino oa house. Kwaito hangata e na le meloli e monate le meropa e pheta-phetoang, mela e tebileng ea base le mantsoe. Ho sa tsotellehe ho tšoana ha eona le 'mino oa hip hop, Kwaito e fapane hobane ho nale litsela tse fapaneng tseo mantsoe a tsona a binoang, a rapiloeng le a hoeletsang ka tsona.
Tšimoloho ea Lentsoe Lena[fetola | fetola mohloli]
Lentsoe lena kwaito ke lereo la Tsotsitaal le tsoang makeisheneng a Gauteng mme le akaretsa mekhoa e fapaneng ho tloha ho guz, d'gong, le ‘isgubhu’. [1] Lentsoe lena le tswa ko lentsoeng la Seburu le reng kwaai. Lentsoe 'kwaai' le bolela 'ho chesa' ka Seburu. Le hoja Seburu e amahanngoa le puso ea Apartheid le khatello ea morabe. ho bohlokoa ho tseba hore mantsoe a Seburu a ne a kopantsoe le Tsotsitaal.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore puo ya Seburu e amahanngwa le puso ya khethollo le khatello ea morabe, mantsoe a Seburu a atisa ho huleloa tlotlontsoeng ya Isicamtho, a boptjoe le ho sebediswa maemong a amanang kapa a matjha. M’du Masilela, sebini sa pele sa Kwaito, o itse, “Ha ’mino oa house o tumme, batho ba ghetto ba ile ba o bitsa Kwaito ka lentsoe la Seafrikanse la kwai [sic], le bolelang hore lipina tseo tsa house li ne li chesa, hore lia raha. Lentsoe le leng la Isicamtho le nkiloeng lentsoeng la Seafrikanse la kwaai ke amakwaitosi, e bolelang setlokotsebe. Sebini le mohlahisi ea tummeng oa Kwaito Arthur Mafokate o hlalosa kamano pakeng tsa Kwaito le botlokotsebe e le 'mino o pota-potileng bophelo ba ghetto.
Popo Ea Kwaito[fetola | fetola mohloli]
Ka morao ho Afrika Boroa e fetohileng, Kwaito e ile ea iponahatsa motseng oa Soweto ka nako e tšoanang Nelson Mandela a ba mopresidente oa pele oa Afrika Boroa ea khethiloeng ka demokrasi.[6] Ho tlosoa ha likotlo tsa lipolotiki le moruo ho ile ha fetola indasteri ea mmino ea Afrika Boroa haholo.[7]
E 'ngoe ea lipina tsa pele tsa Kwaito tse ileng tsa tuma Afrika Boroa ke pina " Kaffir " ea moetsi oa litšoantšo Arthur Mafokate, e neng e bontša tokoloho ea ho hlahisa maikutlo e bakoang ke tokoloho ea lipolotiki Afrika Boroa. 'Mino oa House o fihlile Cape Town mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1990 meketeng e kang mokete oa khotso oa lefats'e le sebakeng sa pele sa "Club Eden", mme hamorao Euphoria le DV8. Sena se ile sa namela leboea, moo, bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1990, mofuta ona o neng o ntse o tuma lihlopheng tsa Johannesburg tse kang 4th World, ’me baetsi ba litšoantšo ba moo ba ile ba kopanya molumo oa oona le oa Afrika Boroa . Arthur Mafokate , Oskido , Boom Shaka , le Mdu Masilela ba binne kwaito pele le ho e tuma ka hare le kantle ho makeisheneng a Batšo. Leha ho le joalo, e bile feela ka mor'a 2001 moo libini tsa kwaito le 'mino li ileng tsa fumana tsela ea ho ea Europe le United States.
Tokoloho e ncha e file libini tsa Afrika Boroa phihlello e bonolo ea mesebetsi ea machaba le bokhoni bo boholo ba ho itlhalosa ka bolokolohi. Ka lebaka leo, kwaito e boetse e tsejoa e le polelo ea tokoloho ena e ncha, mme lipina tse ngata tse khahlanong le khethollo li se li sebelisoa e le mantsoe a lipina tsa kwaito. [2] Kwaito e 'nile ea bitsoa 'mino o hlalosang moloko o tsoileng matsoho ka mor'a khethollo. Pina ea eona ea ho tantša e tsoa mekhoeng e kang mbaqanga le dancehall, hammoho le house le disco.
Likolo tse makeisheneng li ile tsa sitoa ho tšehetsa ka lichelete mananeo a kang litlelase tsa 'mino ho matlafatsa boiphihlelo ba ho ithuta ba baithuti ba bona. Kaha kwaito e ne e sa hloke tsebo e hlophisitsoeng ea thuto ea 'mino, libaka tse kholo tsa ho itlhakisa, le liletsa tse turang, e ne e fumaneha habonolo ho batho ba metseng ena e hateletsoeng. [3]
Litšupiso[fetola | fetola mohloli]
- ↑ Impey, Angela. "Resurrecting the Flesh: Reflections on Women in Kwaito." Agenda 49 (2001): pp. 44–50.
- ↑ Mhlambi, Thokozani. "'Kwaitofabulous': The study of a South African urban genre." Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa, vol 1 (2004): pp. 116–27.
- ↑ Magubane, Zine. "Globalization and Gangster Rap: Hip-Hop in the Post-Apartheid City." In The Vinyl Ain’t Final: Hip Hop and the Globalization of Black Popular Culture, ed. by Dipannita Basu and Sidney J. Lemelle, pp. 208–29. London; Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Press.