Maselese
Maselese, o tsejwang hape ele morbilli, rubeola, kapa maselese o mofubedu, ke tshwaetso e fetisetsanwang haholo e bakwang ke vaerase ya maselese.[1][2] Matshwao a qalang a akarelletsa feberu, hangata ya motjheso o fetang 40 °C (104.0 °F), ho kgohlela, lemina, le mahlo a mafubedu.[1][3] Matsatsi a mabedi kapa a mararo ka mora hore ho hlahe matshwao a qalang matheba a masweu a ka nna a hlaha ka hanong, a tsejwang ele matheba a Koplik. Lekgopho le sephara le lefubedu hangata le qala sefahlehong ebe le namela mmeleng kaofela hangata le qala matsatsi a mararo ho isa ho a mahlano ka mora hore ho qale matshwao.[3] Matshwao a hangata a bonahala ka mora matsatsi a 10-12 ka mora hore motho a kopane le motho ya tshwaeditsweng mme a ba teng ho fihlela matsatsing a 7-10.[4][5] Mathata a ba teng ho batho ba etsang 30% mme a ka nna a akarelletsa letshollo, bofofu, ho tjha ha booko le serame sa matshwafong hara tse ding.[4][6] Rubella (Maselese wa Jeremane) le roseola ke malwetse a fapaneng.[7]
Maselese ke bolwetse bo tsamayang ka moya bo fetisetsanwang habonolo ha motho ya tshwaeditsweng a kgohlela le ho thimola. O ka tshwaetsanwa hape ha o thetsa mathe kapa mamina.[4] Batho ba robong ho ba leshome ba sa itshireletsang ba dulang le motho ya tshwaeditsweng o tla ba tshwara. Motho o tshwaetsa ba bang matsatsi a mane pele lekgopho le hlaha kapa matsatsi a mane ka mora hore le hlahe.[6] Hangata motho o tshwarwa ke lefu lena bonyane hanngwe. Ho etsa diteko tsa vaerase ha eba ho na le seo o se belaellang ke ha bohlokwa molemong wa bophelo ba setjhaba.[6]
Ente ya maselese e sebetsa hantle ho thibela bolwetse bona. Ho enta ho theotse sekgahla sa batho ba bolawang ke maselese ka 75% pakeng tsa 2000 le 2013 mme ke bana ba etsang 85% ba entwang hona jwale lefatsheng ka bophara. Ha ho phekolo e tobileng e fumanehang. Empa ho hlokomela motho ho ka ntlafatsa ditlamorao.[4] Sena se ka akarelletsa ho mo nwesa motswako o kgutlisang metsi a mmele (mokedikedi o nang le tswekere le letswai), dijo tse nang le phepo le meriana e lwantshang feberu.[4][5] Di-antibiotic di ka sebediswa ha eba motho a tshwaetswa ke baktheria ya serame sa matshwafong (pneumonia). Dimatlafatsi tsa Vitamin A le tsona di a kgothaletswa dinaheng tse tswetseng pele.[4]
Maselese o tshwara batho ba ka bang dimilione tse 20 ka selemo,[1] haholo dinaheng tse ntseng di tswela pele tsa Afrika le Asia.[4] O baka mafu a mangata ka ho fetisisa hara malwetse a thibelwang ka ente.[8] O bolaile batho ba 96, 000 ka 2013 mme e theohile ho ba 545, 000 ka 1990.[9] Ka 1980, ho hakangwa hore bolwetse bona bo bolaile batho ba dimilione tse 2.6 ka selemo[4] Pele batho ba qala ho entwa United States ho ne ho shwa batho ba dimilione tse tharo ho isa ho tse nne ka selemo.[6] Boholo ba batho ba tshwaetswang le ba shwang baka tlaase ho dilemo tse hlano.[4] Monyetla wa ho shwa ho ba tshwaetswang hangata ke 0.2%,[6] empa e ka nyolohela ho 10% ho ba se nang phepo e entle.[4] Haho dumelwe hore e tshwaetsa diphoofolo tse ding.[4]
Litšupiso[fetola | fetola mohloli]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Caserta, MT, ed. (September 2013). "Measles". Merck Manual Professional. Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
- ↑ "Measles (Red Measles, Rubeola)". health.gov.sk.ca. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 “Measles (Rubeola) Signs and Symptoms”. Cdc.gov. November 3, 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 “Measles Fact sheet N 286”. Who.int. November 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Conn’s Current Therapy 2015: Expert Consult – Online. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014. P. 153. ISBN 9780323319560.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Atkinson, William (2011). Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (12 ed.). Public Health Foundation. pp. 301–323. ISBN 9780983263135. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
- ↑ Rosen’s emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice (7th. ed.). Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier. P. 1541. ISBN 9780323054720.
- ↑ Kabra, SK; Lodhra, R (14 August 2013). “Antibiotics for preventing complications in children with measles”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 8: CD001477. doi: 10. 1002/14651858. CD001477. Pub4. PMID 23943263.
- ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014). “Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013”. Lancet. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMID 25530442.